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| Titel |
Eddy Covariance Method for CO2 Emission Measurements: CCS Applications, Principles, Instrumentation and Software |
| VerfasserIn |
George Burba, Rod Madsen, Kristin Feese |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2013
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 15 (2013) |
| Datensatznummer |
250071732
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The Eddy Covariance method is a micrometeorological technique for direct high-speed
measurements of the transport of gases, heat, and momentum between the earth’s surface and
the atmosphere. Gas fluxes, emission and exchange rates are carefully characterized from
single-point in-situ measurements using permanent or mobile towers, or moving platforms
such as automobiles, helicopters, airplanes, etc.
Since the early 1990s, this technique has been widely used by micrometeorologists across the
globe for quantifying CO2 emission rates from various natural, urban and agricultural
ecosystems [1,2], including areas of agricultural carbon sequestration. Presently, over 600
eddy covariance stations are in operation in over 120 countries.
In the last 3-5 years, advancements in instrumentation and software have reached the point
when they can be effectively used outside the area of micrometeorology, and can prove
valuable for geological carbon capture and sequestration, landfill emission measurements,
high-precision agriculture and other non-micrometeorological industrial and regulatory
applications.
In the field of geological carbon capture and sequestration, the magnitude of CO2 seepage
fluxes depends on a variety of factors. Emerging projects utilize eddy covariance
measurement to monitor large areas where CO2 may escape from the subsurface, to detect
and quantify CO2 leakage, and to assure the efficiency of CO2 geological storage
[3,4,5,6,7,8].
Although Eddy Covariance is one of the most direct and defensible ways to measure and
calculate turbulent fluxes, the method is mathematically complex, and requires careful setup,
execution and data processing tailor-fit to a specific site and a project. With this in mind,
step-by-step instructions were created to introduce a novice to the conventional Eddy
Covariance technique [9], and to assist in further understanding the method through more
advanced references such as graduate-level textbooks, flux networks guidelines, journals and
technical papers. A free open-source software package with a user-friendly interface was
developed accordingly for computing final fully corrected CO2 emission numbers
[10].
The presentation covers highlights of the eddy covariance method, its application to
geological carbon sequestration, key requirements, instrumentation and software, and reviews
educational resources particularly useful for carbon sequestration research.
References:
[1] Aubinet, M., T. Vesala, and D. Papale (Eds.), 2012. Eddy Covariance: A Practical Guide
to Measurement and Data Analysis. Springer-Verlag, 442 pp.
[2] Foken T., 2008. Micrometeorology. Springer-Verlag, 308 pp.
[4] Finley, R., 2009. An Assessment of Geological Carbon Sequestration
in the Illinois Basin Overview of the Decatur-Illinois Basin Site. MGSC,
http://www.istc.illinois.edu/info/govs_awards_docs/2009-GSA-1100-Finley.pdf
[5] Liu, G. (Ed.), 2012. Greenhouse Gases: Capturing, Utilization and Reduction. Intech, 338
pp.
[6] LI-COR Biosciences, 2011. Surface Monitoring for Geologic Carbon Sequestration
Monitoring: Methods, Instrumentation, and Case Studies. LI-COR Biosciences, Pub.
980-11916, 15 pp.
[7] Benson, S., 2006. Monitoring carbon dioxide sequestration in deep geological formations
for inventory verification and carbon credits, SPE-102833, Presentation
[8] Lewicki, J., G. Hilley, M. Fischer, L. Pan, C. Olden-burg, C. Dobeck, and L. Spangler,
2009.Eddy covariance observations of leakage during shallow subsurface CO2 releases.
Journal of Geophys Res, 114: D12302
[9] Burba, G., 2013. Eddy Covariance Method for Scientific, Industrial, Agricultural and
Regulatory Applications. LI-COR Biosciences, 328 pp.
[10] LI-COR Biosciences, 2012. EddyPro 4.0: Help and User’s Guide. Lincoln, NE, 208
pp. |
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