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| Titel |
Composition and evolution of volcanic aerosol following three eruptions in 2008 - 2010 |
| VerfasserIn |
S. M. Andersson, B. G. Martinsson, J. Friberg, C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer, M. Hermann, K. P. Heue, P. F. J. van Velthoven, A. Zahn |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2012
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 14 (2012) |
| Datensatznummer |
250066871
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Measurements of atmospheric aerosols by the CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for Regular
Investigation of the atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container) platform following the
Kasatochi (Alaska), Sarychev (Russia) and Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) eruptions in the period
2008-2010 are presented. The CARIBIC platform operates on a Lufthansa passenger
aircraft usually on monthly inter-continental flights, measuring the atmospheric
composition in the UT/LS at 8-12 km altitude (Brenninkmeijer et al., 2007). After the
eruption of Kasatochi, analyses of the stratospheric aerosol composition showed
enhanced concentrations of sulfur and carbon for several months. On the other
hand the ash component, clearly seen in a sample seven days after the eruption,
was not detected a month later (Martinsson et al., 2009). To further investigate
the composition of the volcanic aerosol three flights trough the volcanic plume of
the Eyjafjallajökull eruption were carried out on April 20, May 16 and May 19,
2010.
Aerosol sampling was performed by an impaction technique with a cut-off diameter of 2
μm (Nguyen et al., 2006). Collected samples were analyzed by quantitative multi-elemental
analysis by PIXE (Particle-Induced X-ray Emission), to obtain concentrations of elements
with atomic number larger than 13, and PESA (Particle Elastic Scattering Analysis) for
concentrations of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen (Nguyen and Martinsson,
2007).
Three samples taken during the special flights to study the Eyjafjallajökull eruption
contained unusually high concentrations of elements pointing to crustal origin. The
composition of these samples was compared to ash from a fall out sample (Sigmundsson et
al., 2010). The ratio of detected elements to iron in both sample types showed good
agreement for most of the elements for all three aerosol samples. Volcanically influenced
aerosol following the eruptions of Sarychev and Kasatochi were identified by high
concentrations of sulfur and by using air mass trajectories and CALIPSO lidar images. The
ash component in these samples could be recognized by comparing to the composition of the
aerosol form Eyjafjallajökull. By these methods volcanically influenced aerosol collected up
to more than 100 days after the eruptions were identified. The ash to sulfur ratio in these
samples showed an exponential decrease in time after the eruptions. The residence time of
SO2in the stratosphere following the Sarychev eruption was estimated to be 52
days.
Brenninkmeijer C.A.M. et al. (2007). Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4953-4976.
Martinsson B. G. et al. (2009). Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L12813, doi:10.1029/2009GL038735.
Nguyen H.N. et al. (2006). Aerosol Sci. and Technol., 40, 649-655.
Nguyen H.N. and Martinsson B.G. (2007). Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B264, 96-102.
Sigmundsson F. et al. (2010). Nature, 468, 426-430. |
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