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| Titel |
A real-time control framework for urban water reservoirs operation |
| VerfasserIn |
S. Galelli, A. Goedbloed, D. Schwanenberg |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2012
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 14 (2012) |
| Datensatznummer |
250065765
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Drinking water demand in urban areas is growing parallel to the worldwide urban population,
and it is acquiring an increasing part of the total water consumption. Since the delivery of
sufficient water volumes in urban areas represents a difficult logistic and economical
problem, different metropolitan areas are evaluating the opportunity of constructing
relatively small reservoirs within urban areas. Singapore, for example, is developing the
so-called ‘Four National Taps Strategies’, which detects the maximization of water
yields from local, urban catchments as one of the most important water sources.
However, the peculiar location of these reservoirs can provide a certain advantage
from the logistical point of view, but it can pose serious difficulties in their daily
management. Urban catchments are indeed characterized by large impervious areas:
this results in a change of the hydrological cycle, with decreased infiltration and
groundwater recharge, and increased patterns of surface and river discharges, with higher
peak flows, volumes and concentration time. Moreover, the high concentrations of
nutrients and sediments characterizing urban discharges can cause further water
quality problems. In this critical hydrological context, the effective operation of
urban water reservoirs must rely on real-time control techniques, which can exploit
hydro-meteorological information available in real-time from hydrological and nowcasting
models.
This work proposes a novel framework for the real-time control of combined water
quality and quantity objectives in urban reservoirs. The core of this framework is a non-linear
Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme, which employs the current state of the system, the
future discharges furnished by a predictive model and a further model describing the internal
dynamics of the controlled sub-system to determine an optimal control sequence over a
finite prediction horizon. The main advantage of this scheme stands in its reduced
computational requests and the capability of exploiting real-time hydro-meteorological
information, which are crucial for an effective operation of these fast-varying hydrological
systems. The framework is here demonstrated on the operation of Marina Reservoir
(Singapore), whose recent construction in late 2008 increased the effective catchment
area to about 50% of the total available. Its operation, which accounts for drinking
water supply, flash floods control and water quality standards, is here designed by
combining the MPC scheme with the process-based hydrological model SOBEK.
Extensive simulation experiments show the validity of the proposed framework. |
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