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| Titel |
Characterisation of emissions and ambient air in the vicinity of an integrated steelmaking site with a Mobile Laboratory |
| VerfasserIn |
Katja Dzepina, Frank Drewnick, Diane Ciaparra, Neil Schofield, Stephan Borrmann |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2011
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 13 (2011) |
| Datensatznummer |
250057250
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Here, we report the results of Max-Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC) Mobile Laboratory
(“MoLa”) measurements within and in the surroundings of an integrated steel plant. For the
first time, MoLa has been used to characterise particle- and gas-phase emissions from
steelworks with high time resolution. MoLa measurements were made at three
different types of location: 1) within the integrated steelworks; 2) in the vicinity of the
steelworks (stationary measurements); and 3) driving up to ~20 km away from the
steelworks (mobile measurements). The measurement campaign took place from June
22-28, 2010 within and in the vicinity of an integrated steelmaking facility in the
UK.
MoLa is a vehicle with various state-of-the-art instruments for on-line measurements of gas-
and particle-phase species, meteorological and location parameters. Instruments onboard
MoLa enable stationary and mobile measurements of particle mass and number
concentrations, a wide range of particles size distributions (5 nm – 32 μm) and chemical
composition of e.g. non-refractory PM1 (NR-PM1). MoLa also measures atmospheric trace
gas species such as O3, NOx, SO2 and CO.
Within the integrated steelworks, a number of different diffuse emissions arising either from
process sources or from area sources were sampled, with the aim of characterising sources in
real time. The ability to sample at many locations in a very short time period is possible only
due to the flexibility of the MoLa set-up. To successfully perform such measurements, the
critical parameters are the location of MoLa and meteorological parameters such as wind
direction. Owing to the layout of the steelworks and in order to comply with its safety
regulations, MoLa sampling locations were predetermined. Therefore, while for some
emission sources meteorology was favorable, the measurements of some sources had a
contribution of other emissions.
The three types of measurements (sources, background and mobile) exhibit very different
pollutant profiles. The extraction of emissions fingerprints of the individual sources
from the measurements made within the steelworks shows that some operations
are characterised by elevated concentrations and strong variations of species such
as black carbon, SO2 and NR-PM1 particles (e.g. coke ovens and blast furnaces)
while others show lower species concentrations with small variations (e.g. coal
handling plant). Stationary MoLa measurements in the surroundings of the integrated
steelworks exhibited no influence of emissions from its processes and site activities, and
provide an overview of background species concentrations characteristic for aged air
masses arriving from several possible sources: urban, marine and/or rural. This
background is also visible during measurements within the integrated steelworks.
Finally, MoLa mobile measurements were characterised by a combination of aged
urban, rural and marine air masses and sometimes with steelworks’ and fresh traffic
emissions.
Here we present the detailed chemical speciation of NR-PM1, number and mass
concentrations, and size distributions of particle-phase species, together with concentrations
of gas-phase species, characteristic for various sources. We compare the measurements of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) obtained by three different methods and instruments
(HR-ToF-AMS, PAS, and off-line direct thermal extraction / GC-MS analysis of aerosol
samples collected with an impactor). Finally, we compare our results to those available from
previous laboratory and field studies.
This study was carried out as part of a project (ASEMIS-RFSR-CT-2009-00029: Assessment
of Emissions and Impact of Steel Production Processes) part-funded under the EU Research
Fund for Coal and Steel (RFCS). |
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