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| Titel |
\textbf{Historical Usage Inventories of DDT in China} |
| VerfasserIn |
Wang Qiang, Zhao LiJuan, Jianxin Hu |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2010
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 12 (2010) |
| Datensatznummer |
250044566
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is one of organochlorine pesticides and listed
as one of the persistent organic pollutants to be reduced and finally eliminated in
the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, because of its great
persistence, toxics, bio-accumulation and potential for long-range transport. It is
critical to create national DDT usage/emission inventories for China to carry out
source–receptor relation analysis, risk assessment, and other research related to DDT in
this country. Chinese inventories of DDT to the year1983 have been published;
however, DDT is still being used indirectly in the dicifol producing and being applied
for malaria control in case. Therefore it is needed to supplement and update the
inventories.
DDT production in China can be divided into three phases. Prior to 1965 is the first
stage with an annual output of no more than 10,000 tons; 1966-1983 is the second
phase. At this stage DDT was produced with an average annual production of 15,500
tons. After 1984 is the third production phase, of which the average annual DDT
production was 6,465 tons. Before 1983, DDT was mainly used for agriculture,
forestry and pesticides.China used a total of 270,000 tons of DDT during 1951 -
1983. According to China’s cropland area, Li Yi-fan create China’s DDT usage
inventory of 1951-1983. In 1983 the State Council decided to ban DDT producing
and DDT is no longer used in agriculture any more, but it is still being used in the
producing of dicofol, malaria prevention and treatment anda small amount for export. To
this end, this paper calculated theusage inventory of China’s DDT from 1984 to
2003.
Using sown areas of cotton, apple, citrus, tea and vegetable as surrogate data, usage
of dicifolwas calculated, then the usage inventory of DDT resulting from dicofol
use and DDT applied for malaria control with prefecture resolution was created.
From 1984 to 2003, China used 15,312 tons of DDT, including 12,912 tons of DDT
resulting from dicofol use and 766 tons applied for malaria control, and the annual
average usage of DDT was 766 tons. Spatial distribution of DDT usage has direct
relationship with sown areas of cotton, apple, citrus, tea and vegetable, and the
DDT usage is concentrated in middle and east China where there is large sown area
of cotton and apple, the historical use trend is affected by the weather and acarid
harm.
On province scale in China, Shandong province was the largest consumer of DDT, whose
usage added up to 2,094 tons. On prefecture scale, Xianyang city was the largest consumer of
DDT, adding up to 304 tons. Shandong province used the most of DDT resulting from dicofol
among the provinces/regions, adding up to 1,866 tons; and Yunnan Province used the most of
DDT applied for malaria control among the prefectures, adding up to 481 tons. |
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