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| Titel |
Impacts of aircraft emissions on the air quality near the ground |
| VerfasserIn |
H. Lee, S. C. Olsen, D. J. Wuebbles, D. Youn |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 13, no. 11 ; Nr. 13, no. 11 (2013-06-06), S.5505-5522 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018685
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-13-5505-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The continuing increase in demand for commercial aviation transport raises
questions about the effects of resulting emissions on the environment. The
purpose of this study is to investigate, using a global chemistry transport
model, to what extent aviation emissions outside the boundary layer influence
air quality in the boundary layer. The large-scale effects of current levels
of aircraft emissions were studied through comparison of multiple simulations
allowing for the separated effects of aviation emissions occurring in the
low, middle and upper troposphere. We show that emissions near cruise
altitudes (9–11 km in altitude) rather than emissions during landing
and take-off are responsible for most of the total odd-nitrogen (NOy), ozone (O3) and aerosol perturbations near the ground with a
noticeable seasonal difference. Overall, the perturbations of these species
are smaller than 1 ppb even in winter when the perturbations are
greater than in summer. Based on the widely used air quality standards and
uncertainty of state-of-the-art models, we conclude that aviation-induced
perturbations have a negligible effect on air quality even in areas with
heavy air traffic. Aviation emissions lead to a less than 1% aerosol
enhancement in the boundary layer due to a slight increase in ammonium
nitrate (NH4NO3) during cold seasons and a statistically
insignificant aerosol perturbation in summer. In addition, statistical
analysis using probability density functions, Hellinger distance, and
p value indicate that aviation emissions outside the boundary layer do not
affect the occurrence of extremely high aerosol concentrations in the
boundary layer. An additional sensitivity simulation assuming the doubling of
surface ammonia emissions demonstrates that the aviation induced aerosol
increase near the ground is highly dependent on background ammonia
concentrations whose current range of uncertainty is large. |
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