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| Titel |
Oxygen and indicators of stress for marine life in multi-model global warming projections |
| VerfasserIn |
V. Cocco, F. Joos, M. Steinacher, T. L. Frölicher, L. Bopp, J. Dunne, M. Gehlen, C. Heinze, J. Orr, A. Oschlies, B. Schneider, J. Segschneider, J. Tjiputra |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 10, no. 3 ; Nr. 10, no. 3 (2013-03-19), S.1849-1868 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018159
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-10-1849-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Decadal-to-century scale trends for a range of marine environmental variables
in the upper mesopelagic layer (UML, 100–600 m)
are investigated using results from seven Earth System Models forced by a
high greenhouse gas emission scenario. The models
as a class represent the observation-based
distribution of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2),
albeit major mismatches between observation-based and simulated values remain for individual
models. By year 2100 all models project an increase in SST between 2 °C and 3 °C, and a decrease in
the pH and in the saturation state of water with respect to calcium carbonate
minerals in the UML.
A decrease in the total ocean inventory of dissolved oxygen by 2% to 4%
is projected by the range of models.
Projected O2 changes in the UML show a complex pattern with both
increasing and decreasing trends reflecting the subtle balance of different
competing factors such as
circulation, production, remineralization, and temperature changes. Projected
changes in the total volume of hypoxic and suboxic
waters remain relatively small in all models. A widespread increase of CO2 in the UML is projected. The median
of the CO2 distribution between 100 and 600m shifts from 0.1–0.2 mol m−3 in year 1990 to 0.2–0.4 mol m−3 in year
2100, primarily as a result of the invasion of anthropogenic carbon from the
atmosphere. The co-occurrence of changes in a range of environmental variables indicates the
need to further investigate their synergistic impacts on marine ecosystems and Earth System feedbacks. |
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