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| Titel |
Late Neolithic Mondsee Culture in Austria: living on lakes and living with flood risk? |
| VerfasserIn |
T. Swierczynski, S. Lauterbach, P. Dulski, A. Brauer |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1814-9324
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Climate of the Past ; 9, no. 4 ; Nr. 9, no. 4 (2013-07-23), S.1601-1612 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018095
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/cp-9-1601-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Neolithic and Bronze Age lake dwellings in the European Alps became recently
protected under the UNESCO World Heritage. However, only little is known
about the cultural history of the related pre-historic communities, their
adaptation strategies to environmental changes and particularly about the
almost synchronous decline of many of these settlements around the
transition from the Late Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age. For example,
there is an ongoing debate whether the abandonment of Late Neolithic
lake dwellings at Lake Mondsee (Upper Austria) was caused by unfavourable
climate conditions or a single catastrophic event. Within the varved
sediments of Lake Mondsee, we investigated the occurrence of intercalated
detrital layers from major floods and debris flows to unravel extreme
surface runoff recurrence during the Neolithic settlement period. A
combination of detailed sediment microfacies analysis and μXRF
element scanning allows distinguishing debris flow and flood deposits. A
total of 60 flood and 12 debris flow event layers was detected between 7000
and 4000 varve years (vyr) BP. Compared to the centennial- to
millennial-scale average, a period of increased runoff event frequency can
be identified between 5900 and 4450 vyr BP. Enhanced flood frequency is
accompanied by predominantly siliciclastic sediment supply between ca. 5500
and 5000 vyr BP and enhanced dolomitic sediment supply between 4900 and
4500 vyr BP. A change in the location and the construction technique of the
Neolithic lake dwellings at Lake Mondsee can be observed during the period
of higher flood frequency. While lake dwellings of the first settlement
period (ca. 5800–5250 cal. yr BP) were constructed directly on the
wetlands, later constructions (ca. 5400–4700 cal. yr BP) were built on
piles upon the water, possibly indicating an adaptation to either increased
flood risk or a general increase of the lake level. However, our results
also indicate that other than climatic factors (e.g. socio-economic changes)
must have influenced the decline of the Mondsee Culture because flood
activity generally decreased since 4450 vyr BP, but no new lake dwellings
have been established thereafter. |
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