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| Titel |
Radiative forcing of the direct aerosol effect from AeroCom Phase II simulations |
| VerfasserIn |
G. Myhre, B. H. Samset, M. Schulz, Y. Balkanski, S. Bauer, T. K. Berntsen, H. Bian, N. Bellouin, M. Chin, T. Diehl, R. C. Easter, J. Feichter, S. J. Ghan, D. Hauglustaine, T. Iversen, S. Kinne, A. Kirkevåg, J.-F. Lamarque, G. Lin, X. Liu, M. T. Lund, G. Luo, X. Ma, T. Noije, J. E. Penner, P. J. Rasch, A. Ruiz, Ø. Seland, R. B. Skeie, P. Stier, T. Takemura, K. Tsigaridis, P. Wang, Z. Wang, L. Xu, H. Yu, F. Yu, J.-H. Yoon, K. Zhang, H. Zhang, C. Zhou |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 13, no. 4 ; Nr. 13, no. 4 (2013-02-19), S.1853-1877 |
| Datensatznummer |
250017664
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-13-1853-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We report on the AeroCom Phase II direct aerosol effect (DAE) experiment
where 16 detailed global aerosol models have been used to simulate the
changes in the aerosol distribution over the industrial era. All 16 models
have estimated the radiative forcing (RF) of the anthropogenic DAE, and have
taken into account anthropogenic sulphate, black carbon (BC) and organic
aerosols (OA) from fossil fuel, biofuel, and biomass burning emissions. In
addition several models have simulated the DAE of anthropogenic nitrate and
anthropogenic influenced secondary organic aerosols (SOA). The model
simulated all-sky RF of the DAE from total anthropogenic aerosols has a
range from −0.58 to −0.02 Wm−2, with a mean of −0.27 Wm−2 for the
16 models. Several models did not include nitrate or SOA and modifying the
estimate by accounting for this with information from the other AeroCom
models reduces the range and slightly strengthens the mean. Modifying the
model estimates for missing aerosol components and for the time period 1750
to 2010 results in a mean RF for the DAE of −0.35 Wm−2. Compared to
AeroCom Phase I (Schulz et al., 2006) we find very similar spreads in both
total DAE and aerosol component RF. However, the RF of the total DAE is
stronger negative and RF from BC from fossil fuel and biofuel emissions are
stronger positive in the present study than in the previous AeroCom study.
We find a tendency for models having a strong (positive) BC RF to also have
strong (negative) sulphate or OA RF. This relationship leads to smaller
uncertainty in the total RF of the DAE compared to the RF of the sum of the
individual aerosol components. The spread in results for the individual
aerosol components is substantial, and can be divided into diversities in
burden, mass extinction coefficient (MEC), and normalized RF with respect to
AOD. We find that these three factors give similar contributions to the
spread in results. |
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