 |
| Titel |
The effects of recent control policies on trends in emissions of anthropogenic atmospheric pollutants and CO2 in China |
| VerfasserIn |
Y. Zhao, J. Zhang, C. P. Nielsen |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
|
| Sprache |
Englisch
|
| ISSN |
1680-7316
|
| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 13, no. 2 ; Nr. 13, no. 2 (2013-01-16), S.487-508 |
| Datensatznummer |
250017583
|
| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-13-487-2013.pdf |
|
|
|
|
|
| Zusammenfassung |
| To examine the effects of China's national policies of energy conservation
and emission control during 2005–2010, inter-annual emission trends of
gaseous pollutants, primary aerosols, and CO2 are estimated with a
bottom-up framework. The control measures led to improved energy efficiency
and/or increased penetration of emission control devices at power plants and
other important industrial sources, yielding reduced emission factors for
all evaluated species except NOx. The national emissions of
anthropogenic SO2, CO, and total primary PM (particulate matter) in
2010 are estimated to have been 89%, 108%, and 87% of those in
2005, respectively, suggesting successful emission control of those species
despite fast growth of the economy and energy consumption during the period.
The emissions of NOx and CO2, however, are estimated to have
increased by 47% and 43%, respectively, indicating that they remain
largely determined by the growth of energy use, industrial production, and
vehicle populations. Based on application of a Monte-Carlo framework,
estimated uncertainties of SO2 and PM emissions increased from 2005 to
2010, resulting mainly from poorly understood average SO2 removal
efficiency in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems in the power sector,
and unclear changes in the penetration levels of dust collectors at
industrial sources, respectively. While emission trends determined by
bottom-up methods can be generally verified by observations from both ground
stations and satellites, clear discrepancies exist for given regions and
seasons, indicating a need for more accurate spatial and time distributions
of emissions. Limitations of current emission control polices are analyzed
based on the estimated emission trends. Compared with control of total PM,
there are fewer gains in control of fine particles and carbonaceous
aerosols, the PM components most responsible for damages to public health
and effects on radiative forcing. A much faster decrease of alkaline base
cations in primary PM than that of SO2 may have raised the
acidification risks to ecosystems, indicating further control of acid
precursors is required. Moreover, with relatively strict controls in
developed urban areas, air pollution challenges have been expanding to
less-developed neighboring regions. There is a great need in the future for
multi-pollutant control strategies that combine recognition of diverse
environmental impacts both in urban and rural areas with emission abatement
of multiple species in concert. |
| |
|
| Teil von |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|