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| Titel |
Space weather events in July 1982 and October 2003 and the effects of geomagnetically induced currents on Swedish technical systems |
| VerfasserIn |
M. Wik, R. Pirjola, H. Lundstedt, A. Viljanen, P. Wintoft, A. Pulkkinen |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
0992-7689
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Annales Geophysicae ; 27, no. 4 ; Nr. 27, no. 4 (2009-04-14), S.1775-1787 |
| Datensatznummer |
250016499
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/angeo-27-1775-2009.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
In this paper, we analyse in detail two famous space weather events; a
railway problem on 13–14 July 1982 and a power blackout on 30 October 2003.
Both occurred in Sweden during very intensive space weather storms and each
of them a few years after the sunspot maximum. This paper provides a
description of the conditions on the Sun and in the solar wind leading to the
two GIC events on the ground.
By applying modelling techniques introduced and developed in our previous
paper, we also calculate the horizontal geoelectric field at the Earth's
surface in southern Sweden during the two storms as well as GIC flowing in
the southern Swedish 400 kV power grid during the event in October 2003. The
results from the calculations agree with all measured data available.
In the July-1982 storm, the geomagnetic field variation, ΔBx,
reached values up to ~2500 nT/min and the geoelectric field reached
values in the order of several volts per kilometer. In the October-2003 storm,
the geomagnetic field fluctuations were smaller. However, GIC of some hundreds
of amperes flowed in the power grid during the October-2003 event. Technological
issues related to the railway signalling in July 1982 and to the power network equipment in October 2003 are also discussed. |
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