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| Titel |
Climatology-based regional modelling of potential vegetation and average annual long-term runoff for Mesoamerica |
| VerfasserIn |
P. Imbach, L. Molina, B. Locatelli, O. Roupsard, P. Ciais, L. Corrales, G. Mahé |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 14, no. 10 ; Nr. 14, no. 10 (2010-10-11), S.1801-1817 |
| Datensatznummer |
250012436
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-14-1801-2010.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Mean annual cycles of runoff, evapotranspiration, leaf area index
(LAI) and potential vegetation were modelled for Mesoamerica using
the SVAT model MAPSS with different climatology datasets. We
calibrated and validated the model after building a comprehensive
database of regional runoff, climate, soils and LAI. The performance
of several gridded precipitation climatology datasets (CRU, FCLIM,
WorldClim, TRMM, WindPPT and TCMF) was evaluated and FCLIM produced
the most realistic runoff. Annual runoff was successfully predicted
(R2=0.84) for a set of 138 catchments, with a low runoff bias
(12%) that might originate from an underestimation of the
precipitation over cloud forests. The residuals were larger in small
catchments but remained homogeneous across elevation, precipitation,
and land-use gradients. Assuming a uniform distribution of
parameters around literature values, and using a Monte Carlo-type
approach, we estimated an average model uncertainty of 42% of the
annual runoff. The MAPSS model was most sensitive to the
parameterization of stomatal conductance. Monthly runoff seasonality
was mimicked "fairly" in 78% of the catchments. Predicted LAI
was consistent with MODIS collection 5 and GLOBCARBON remotely
sensed global products. The simulated evapotranspiration:runoff
ratio increased exponentially for low precipitation areas,
highlighting the importance of accurately modelling
evapotranspiration below 1500 mm of annual rainfall with the help
of SVAT models such as MAPSS. We propose the first high-resolution
(1 km2 pixel) maps combining average long-term runoff,
evapotranspiration, leaf area index and potential vegetation types
for Mesoamerica. |
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