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| Titel |
Anthropogenic changes in the surface all-sky UV-B radiation through 1850–2005 simulated by an Earth system model |
| VerfasserIn |
S. Watanabe, T. Takemura, K. Sudo, T. Yokohata, H. Kawase |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 12, no. 11 ; Nr. 12, no. 11 (2012-06-15), S.5249-5257 |
| Datensatznummer |
250011240
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-12-5249-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The historical anthropogenic change in the surface all-sky UV-B (solar
ultraviolet: 280–315 nm) radiation through 1850–2005 is evaluated using an
Earth system model. Responses of UV-B dose to anthropogenic changes in ozone
and aerosols are separately evaluated using a series of historical
simulations including/excluding these changes. Increases in these air
pollutants cause reductions in UV-B transmittance, which occur
gradually/rapidly before/after 1950 in and downwind of industrial and
deforestation regions. Furthermore, changes in ozone transport in the lower
stratosphere, which is induced by increasing greenhouse gas concentrations,
increase ozone concentration in the extratropical upper troposphere and
lower stratosphere. These transient changes work to decrease the amount of
UV-B reaching the Earth's surface, counteracting the well-known effect
increasing UV-B due to stratospheric ozone depletion, which developed
rapidly after ca. 1980. As a consequence, the surface UV-B radiation change
between 1850 and 2000 is negative in the tropics and NH extratropics and
positive in the SH extratropics. Comparing the contributions of ozone and
aerosol changes to the UV-B change, the transient change in ozone absorption
of UV-B mainly determines the total change in the surface UV-B radiation at
most locations. On the other hand, the aerosol direct and indirect effects
on UV-B play an equally important role to that of ozone in the NH
mid-latitudes and tropics. A typical example is East Asia (25° N–60° N and
120° E–150° E), where the effect of aerosols (ca. 70%) dominates the total
UV-B change. |
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