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| Titel |
Micrometeorological measurement of hexachlorobenzene and polychlorinated biphenyl compound air-water gas exchange in Lake Superior and comparison to model predictions |
| VerfasserIn |
M. D. Rowe, J. A. Perlinger |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 12, no. 10 ; Nr. 12, no. 10 (2012-05-24), S.4607-4617 |
| Datensatznummer |
250011170
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-12-4607-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Air-water exchange fluxes of persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT)
substances are frequently estimated using the Whitman two-film (W2F) method,
but micrometeorological flux measurements of these compounds over water are
rarely attempted. We measured air-water exchange fluxes of hexachlorobenzene
(HCB) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on 14 July 2006 in Lake Superior
using the modified Bowen ratio (MBR) method. Measured fluxes were compared to
estimates using the W2F method, and to estimates from an Internal Boundary
Layer Transport and Exchange (IBLTE) model that implements the NOAA COARE
bulk flux algorithm and gas transfer model. We reveal an inaccuracy in the
estimate of water vapor transfer velocity that is commonly used with the W2F
method for PBT flux estimation, and demonstrate the effect of use of an
improved estimation method. Flux measurements were conducted at three
stations with increasing fetch in offshore flow (15, 30, and 60 km) in
southeastern Lake Superior. This sampling strategy enabled comparison of
measured and predicted flux, as well as modification in near-surface
atmospheric concentration with fetch, using the IBLTE model. Fluxes estimated
using the W2F model were compared to fluxes measured by MBR. In five of seven
cases in which the MBR flux was significantly greater than zero,
concentration increased with fetch at 1-m height, which is qualitatively
consistent with the measured volatilization flux. As far as we are aware,
these are the first reported ship-based micrometeorological air-water
exchange flux measurements of PCBs. |
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