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| Titel |
Aerosols in the CALIOPE air quality modelling system: evaluation and analysis of PM levels, optical depths and chemical composition over Europe |
| VerfasserIn |
S. Basart, M. T. Pay, O. Jorba, C. Pérez, P. Jiménez-Guerrero, M. Schulz, J. M. Baldasano |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 12, no. 7 ; Nr. 12, no. 7 (2012-04-10), S.3363-3392 |
| Datensatznummer |
250011017
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-12-3363-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The CALIOPE air quality modelling system is developed and applied to Europe
with high spatial resolution (12 km × 12 km). The modelled
daily-to-seasonal aerosol variability over Europe in 2004 is evaluated and
analysed. Aerosols are estimated from two models, CMAQv4.5 (AERO4) and
BSC-DREAM8b. CMAQv4.5 calculates biogenic, anthropogenic and sea salt aerosol
and BSC-DREAM8b provides the natural mineral dust contribution from North
African deserts. For the evaluation, we use daily PM10, PM2.5 and
aerosol components data from 55 stations of the EMEP/CREATE network and
total, coarse and fine aerosol optical depth (AOD) data from 35 stations of
the AERONET sun photometer network. Annual correlations between modelled and
observed values for PM10 and PM2.5 are 0.55 and 0.47, respectively.
Correlations for total, coarse and fine AOD are 0.51, 0.63, and 0.53,
respectively. The higher correlations of the PM10 and the coarse mode
AOD are largely due to the accurate representation of the African dust
influence in the forecasting system. Overall PM and AOD levels are
underestimated. The evaluation of the aerosol components highlights
underestimations in the fine fraction of carbonaceous matter (EC and OC) and
secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA; i.e. nitrate, sulphate and ammonium). The
scores of the bulk parameters are significantly improved after applying a
simple model bias correction based on the observed aerosol composition. The
simulated PM10 and AOD present maximum values over the industrialized
and populated Po Valley and Benelux regions. SIA are dominant in the fine
fraction representing up to 80% of the aerosol budget in latitudes north
of 40° N. In southern Europe, high PM10 and AOD are linked to
the desert dust transport from the Sahara which contributes up to 40% of
the aerosol budget. Maximum seasonal ground-level concentrations
(PM10 > 30 μg m−3) are found between spring and
early autumn. We estimate that desert dust causes daily exceedances of the
PM10 European air quality limit value (50 μg m−3) in
large areas south of 45° N with more than 75 exceedances per year in
the southernmost regions. |
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