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| Titel |
Sources of carbonaceous aerosols and deposited black carbon in the Arctic in winter-spring: implications for radiative forcing |
| VerfasserIn |
Q. Wang, D. J. Jacob, J. A. Fisher, J. Mao, E. M. Leibensperger, C. C. Carouge, P. Sager, Y. Kondo, J. L. Jimenez, M. J. Cubison, S. J. Doherty |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 11, no. 23 ; Nr. 11, no. 23 (2011-12-13), S.12453-12473 |
| Datensatznummer |
250010259
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-11-12453-2011.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We use a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem CTM) to interpret
observations of black carbon (BC) and organic aerosol (OA) from the NASA
ARCTAS aircraft campaign over the North American Arctic in April 2008, as
well as longer-term records in surface air and in snow (2007–2009). BC
emission inventories for North America, Europe, and Asia in the model are
tested by comparison with surface air observations over these source
regions. Russian open fires were the dominant source of OA in the Arctic
troposphere during ARCTAS but we find that BC was of prevailingly
anthropogenic (fossil fuel and biofuel) origin, particularly in surface air.
This source attribution is confirmed by correlation of BC and OA with
acetonitrile and sulfate in the model and in the observations. Asian
emissions are the main anthropogenic source of BC in the free troposphere
but European, Russian and North American sources are also important in
surface air. Russian anthropogenic emissions appear to dominate the source
of BC in Arctic surface air in winter. Model simulations for 2007–2009 (to
account for interannual variability of fires) show much higher BC snow
content in the Eurasian than the North American Arctic, consistent with the
limited observations. We find that anthropogenic sources contribute 90%
of BC deposited to Arctic snow in January-March and 60% in April–May
2007–2009. The mean decrease in Arctic snow albedo from BC deposition is
estimated to be 0.6% in spring, resulting in a regional surface radiative
forcing consistent with previous estimates. |
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