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| Titel |
Airborne and ground-based measurements of the trace gases and particles emitted by prescribed fires in the United States |
| VerfasserIn |
I. R. Burling, R. J. Yokelson, S. K. Akagi, S. P. Urbanski, C. E. Wold, D. W. T. Griffith, T. J. Johnson, J. Reardon, D. R. Weise |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 11, no. 23 ; Nr. 11, no. 23 (2011-12-07), S.12197-12216 |
| Datensatznummer |
250010245
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-11-12197-2011.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We have measured emission factors for 19 trace gas species and particulate
matter (PM2.5) from 14 prescribed fires in chaparral and oak savanna in
the southwestern US, as well as conifer forest understory in the
southeastern US and Sierra Nevada mountains of California. These are likely
the most extensive emission factor field measurements for temperate biomass
burning to date and the only published emission factors for temperate oak
savanna fuels. This study helps to close the gap in emissions data available
for temperate zone fires relative to tropical biomass burning. We present
the first field measurements of the biomass burning emissions of
glycolaldehyde, a possible precursor for aqueous phase secondary organic
aerosol formation. We also measured the emissions of phenol, another aqueous
phase secondary organic aerosol precursor. Our data confirm previous
observations that urban deposition can impact the NOx emission factors
and thus subsequent plume chemistry. For two fires, we measured both the
emissions in the convective smoke plume from our airborne platform and the
unlofted residual smoldering combustion emissions with our ground-based
platform. The smoke from residual smoldering combustion was characterized by
emission factors for hydrocarbon and oxygenated organic species that were up
to ten times higher than in the lofted plume, including high 1,3-butadiene
and isoprene concentrations which were not observed in the lofted plume.
This should be considered in modeling the air quality impacts for smoke that
disperses at ground level. We also show that the often ignored unlofted
emissions can significantly impact estimates of total emissions. Preliminary
evidence suggests large emissions of monoterpenes in the residual smoldering
smoke. These data should lead to an improved capacity to model the impacts
of biomass burning in similar temperate ecosystems. |
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