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| Titel |
Laboratory measurements of trace gas emissions from biomass burning of fuel types from the southeastern and southwestern United States |
| VerfasserIn |
I. R. Burling, R. J. Yokelson, D. W. T. Griffith, T. J. Johnson, P. Veres, J. M. Roberts, C. Warneke, S. P. Urbanski, J. Reardon, D. R. Weise, W. M. Hao, J. Gouw |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 10, no. 22 ; Nr. 10, no. 22 (2010-11-25), S.11115-11130 |
| Datensatznummer |
250008912
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-10-11115-2010.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Vegetation commonly managed by prescribed burning was collected from five
southeastern and southwestern US military bases and burned under
controlled conditions at the US Forest Service Fire Sciences Laboratory in
Missoula, Montana. The smoke emissions were measured with a large suite of
state-of-the-art instrumentation including an open-path Fourier transform
infrared (OP-FTIR) spectrometer for measurement of gas-phase species. The
OP-FTIR detected and quantified 19 gas-phase species in these fires:
CO2, CO, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C3H6,
HCHO, HCOOH, CH3OH, CH3COOH, furan, H2O, NO, NO2, HONO,
NH3, HCN, HCl, and SO2. Emission factors for these species are
presented for each vegetation type burned. Gas-phase nitrous acid (HONO), an
important OH precursor, was detected in the smoke from all fires. The HONO
emission factors ranged from 0.15 to 0.60 g kg−1 and were higher for
the southeastern fuels. The fire-integrated molar emission ratios of HONO
(relative to NOx) ranged from approximately 0.03 to 0.20, with higher
values also observed for the southeastern fuels. The majority of non-methane
organic compound (NMOC) emissions detected by OP-FTIR were oxygenated
volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) with the total identified OVOC emissions
constituting 61 ± 12% of the total measured NMOC on a molar basis.
These OVOC may undergo photolysis or further oxidation contributing to ozone
formation. Elevated amounts of gas-phase HCl and SO2 were also detected
during flaming combustion, with the amounts varying greatly depending on
location and vegetation type. The fuels with the highest HCl emission
factors were all located in the coastal regions, although HCl was also
observed from fuels farther inland. Emission factors for HCl were generally
higher for the southwestern fuels, particularly those found in the chaparral
biome in the coastal regions of California. |
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