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| Titel |
A review of worldwide atmospheric mercury measurements |
| VerfasserIn |
F. Sprovieri, N. Pirrone, R. Ebinghaus, H. Kock, A. Dommergue |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 10, no. 17 ; Nr. 10, no. 17 (2010-09-03), S.8245-8265 |
| Datensatznummer |
250008747
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-10-8245-2010.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| A large number of activities have been carried out to characterise
the levels of mercury (Hg) species in ambient air and precipitation,
in order to understand how they vary over time and how they depend
on meteorological conditions. Following the discovery of atmospheric
Hg depletion events (AMDEs) in Polar Regions, a significant research
effort was made to assess the chemical-physical mechanisms behind
the rapid conversion of atmospheric gaseous Hg (Hg0) into
reactive and water-soluble forms which are potentially bioavailable.
The understanding of the way in which Hg is released into the
atmosphere, transformed, deposited and eventually incorporated into
biota is of crucial importance not only for the polar regions but
also for the marine environment in general. The oceans and seas are
both sources and sinks of Hg and play a major role in the Hg cycle.
In this work, the available Hg concentration datasets from a number
of terrestrial sites (industrial, rural and remote) in both the
Northern and Southern Hemispheres as well as over oceans and seas
have been investigated. The higher Hg species concentration and
variability observed in the Northern Hemisphere suggest that the
majority of emissions and re-emissions occur there. The
inter-hemispherical gradient with higher total gaseous mercury (TGM)
concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere has remained nearly
constant over the years for which data are available. The analysis
of Hg concentration patterns indicates the differences in regional
source/sink characteristics, with increasing variability toward
areas strongly influenced by anthropogenic sources. The large
increase in Hg emissions in rapidly developing countries (i.e.,
China, India) over the last decade, due primarily to a sharp
increase in energy production from coal combustion, are not
currently reflected in the long-term measurements of TGM in ambient
air and precipitation at continuous monitoring sites in either
Northern Europe or North America. The discrepancy between observed
gaseous Hg concentrations (steady or decreasing) and global Hg
emission inventories (increasing) has not yet been explained, though
the potential oxidation of the atmosphere during the last decade is
increasing. Currently, however, a coordinated observational network
for Hg does not exist. |
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