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| Titel |
The climatic effects of the direct injection of water vapour into the stratosphere by large volcanic eruptions |
| VerfasserIn |
M. M. Joshi, G. S. Jones |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 9, no. 16 ; Nr. 9, no. 16 (2009-08-25), S.6109-6118 |
| Datensatznummer |
250007590
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-9-6109-2009.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We describe a novel mechanism that can significantly lower the amplitude of
the climatic response to certain large volcanic eruptions and examine its
impact with a coupled ocean-atmosphere climate model. If sufficiently large
amounts of water vapour enter the stratosphere, a climatically significant
amount of water vapour can be left over in the lower stratosphere after the
eruption, even after sulphate aerosol formation. This excess stratospheric
humidity warms the tropospheric climate, and acts to balance the climatic
cooling induced by the volcanic aerosol, especially because the humidity
anomaly lasts for a period that is longer than the residence time of aerosol
in the stratosphere. In particular, northern hemisphere high latitude
cooling is reduced in magnitude. We discuss this mechanism in the context of
the discrepancy between the observed and modelled cooling following the
Krakatau eruption in 1883. We hypothesize that moist coignimbrite plumes
caused by pyroclastic flows travelling over ocean rather than land,
resulting from an eruption close enough to the ocean, might provide the
additional source of stratospheric water vapour. |
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