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| Titel |
Effect of regional precursor emission controls on long-range ozone transport – Part 2: Steady-state changes in ozone air quality and impacts on human mortality |
| VerfasserIn |
J. J. West, V. Naik, L. W. Horowitz, A. M. Fiore |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 9, no. 16 ; Nr. 9, no. 16 (2009-08-21), S.6095-6107 |
| Datensatznummer |
250007589
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-9-6095-2009.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Large-scale changes in ozone precursor emissions affect ozone directly in
the short term, and also affect methane, which in turn causes long-term
changes in ozone that affect surface ozone air quality. Here we assess the
effects of changes in ozone precursor emissions on the long-term change in
surface ozone via methane, as a function of the emission region, by modeling
10% reductions in anthropogenic nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from
each of nine world regions. Reductions in NOx emissions from all world
regions increase methane and long-term surface ozone. While this long-term
increase is small compared to the intra-regional short-term ozone decrease,
it is comparable to or larger than the short-term inter-continental ozone
decrease for some source-receptor pairs. The increase in methane and
long-term surface ozone per ton of NOx reduced is greatest in tropical
and Southern Hemisphere regions, exceeding that from temperate Northern
Hemisphere regions by roughly a factor of ten. We also assess changes in
premature ozone-related human mortality associated with regional precursor
reductions and long-range transport, showing that for 10% regional
NOx reductions, the strongest inter-regional influence is for emissions
from Europe affecting mortalities in Africa. Reductions of NOx in North
America, Europe, the Former Soviet Union, and Australia are shown to reduce
more mortalities outside of the source regions than within. Among world
regions, NOx reductions in India cause the greatest number of avoided
mortalities per ton, mainly in India itself. Finally, by increasing global
methane, NOx reductions in one hemisphere tend to cause long-term
increases in ozone concentration and mortalities in the opposite hemisphere.
Reducing emissions of methane, and to a lesser extent carbon monoxide and
non-methane volatile organic compounds, alongside NOx reductions would
avoid this disbenefit. |
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