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| Titel |
Spatio-temporal variability and principal components of the particle number size distribution in an urban atmosphere |
| VerfasserIn |
F. Costabile, W. Birmili, S. Klose, T. Tuch, B. Wehner, A. Wiedensohler, U. Franck, K. König, A. Sonntag |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 9, no. 9 ; Nr. 9, no. 9 (2009-05-15), S.3163-3195 |
| Datensatznummer |
250007279
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-9-3163-2009.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| A correct description of fine (diameter <1 μm) and ultrafine (<0.1 μm) aerosol
particles in urban areas is of interest for particle exposure assessment but also basic atmospheric
research. We examined the spatio-temporal variability of atmospheric aerosol particles (size range
3–800 nm) using concurrent number size distribution measurements at a maximum of eight
observation sites in and around Leipzig, a city in Central Europe. Two main experiments were
conducted with different time span and number of observation sites (2 years at 3 sites; 1 month at
8 sites). A general observation was that the particle number size distribution varied in time and
space in a complex fashion as a result of interaction between local and far-range sources, and the
meteorological conditions. To identify statistically independent factors in the urban aerosol,
different runs of principal component (PC) analysis were conducted encompassing aerosol, gas phase,
and meteorological parameters from the multiple sites. Several of the resulting PCs, outstanding
with respect to their temporal persistence and spatial coverage, could be associated with aerosol
particle modes: a first accumulation mode ("droplet mode", 300–800 nm), considered to be the
result of liquid phase processes and far-range transport; a second accumulation mode (centered
around diameters 90–250 nm), considered to result from primary emissions as well as aging through
condensation and coagulation; an Aitken mode (30–200 nm) linked to urban traffic emissions in
addition to an urban and a rural Aitken mode; a nucleation mode (5–20 nm) linked to urban traffic
emissions; nucleation modes (3–20 nm) linked to photochemically induced particle formation; an
aged nucleation mode (10–50 nm). Additional PCs represented only local sources at a single site,
or infrequent phenomena. In summary, the analysis of size distributions of high time and size
resolution yielded a surprising wealth of statistical aerosol components occurring in the urban
atmosphere over one single city. A paradigm on the behaviour of sub-μm urban aerosol particles
is proposed, with recommendations how to efficiently monitor individual sub-fractions across an
entire city. |
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