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| Titel |
Integrated database for rapid mass movements in Norway |
| VerfasserIn |
C. Jaedicke, K. Lied, K. Kronholm |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1561-8633
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ; 9, no. 2 ; Nr. 9, no. 2 (2009-03-31), S.469-479 |
| Datensatznummer |
250006715
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/nhess-9-469-2009.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
Rapid gravitational slope mass movements include all kinds of short term
relocation of geological material, snow or ice. Traditionally, information
about such events is collected separately in different databases covering
selected geographical regions and types of movement. In Norway the terrain is
susceptible to all types of rapid gravitational slope mass movements ranging
from single rocks hitting roads and houses to large snow avalanches and rock
slides where entire mountainsides collapse into fjords creating flood waves
and endangering large areas. In addition, quick clay slides occur in
desalinated marine sediments in South Eastern and Mid Norway. For the
authorities and inhabitants of endangered areas, the type of threat is of
minor importance and mitigation measures have to consider several types of
rapid mass movements simultaneously.
An integrated national database for all types of rapid mass movements built
around individual events has been established. Only three data entries are
mandatory: time, location and type of movement. The remaining optional
parameters enable recording of detailed information about the terrain,
materials involved and damages caused. Pictures, movies and other
documentation can be uploaded into the database. A web-based graphical user
interface has been developed allowing new events to be entered, as well as
editing and querying for all events. An integration of the database into a
GIS system is currently under development.
Datasets from various national sources like the road authorities and the
Geological Survey of Norway were imported into the database. Today, the
database contains 33 000 rapid mass movement events from the last five
hundred years covering the entire country. A first analysis of the data shows
that the most frequent type of recorded rapid mass movement is rock slides
and snow avalanches followed by debris slides in third place. Most events are
recorded in the steep fjord terrain of the Norwegian west coast, but major
events are recorded all over the country. Snow avalanches account for most
fatalities, while large rock slides causing flood waves and huge quick clay
slides are the most damaging individual events in terms of damage to
infrastructure and property and for causing multiple fatalities. The quality
of the data is strongly influenced by the personal engagement of local
observers and varying observation routines. This database is a unique source
for statistical analysis including, risk analysis and the relation between
rapid mass movements and climate. The database of rapid mass movement events
will also facilitate validation of national hazard and risk maps. |
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