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| Titel |
A multi-model assessment of pollution transport to the Arctic |
| VerfasserIn |
D. T. Shindell  , M. Chin, F. Dentener, R. M. Doherty, G. Faluvegi, A. M. Fiore, P. Hess, D. M. Koch, I. A. MacKenzie, M. G. Sanderson, M. G. Schultz, M. Schulz, D. S. Stevenson, H. Teich, C. Textor, O. Wild, D. J. Bergmann, I. Bey, H. Bian, C. Cuvelier, B. N. Duncan, G. Folberth, L. W. Horowitz, J. Jonson, J. W. Kaminski, E. Marmer, R. Park, K. J. Pringle, S. Schroeder, S. Szopa, T. Takemura, G. Zeng, T. J. Keating, A. Zuber |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 8, no. 17 ; Nr. 8, no. 17 (2008-09-10), S.5353-5372 |
| Datensatznummer |
250006369
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-8-5353-2008.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We examine the response of Arctic gas and aerosol concentrations to
perturbations in pollutant emissions from Europe, East and South Asia, and
North America using results from a coordinated model intercomparison. These
sensitivities to regional emissions (mixing ratio change per unit emission)
vary widely across models and species. Intermodel differences are
systematic, however, so that the relative importance of different regions is
robust. North America contributes the most to Arctic ozone pollution. For
aerosols and CO, European emissions dominate at the Arctic surface but East
Asian emissions become progressively more important with altitude, and are
dominant in the upper troposphere. Sensitivities show strong seasonality:
surface sensitivities typically maximize during boreal winter for European
and during spring for East Asian and North American emissions.
Mid-tropospheric sensitivities, however, nearly always maximize during
spring or summer for all regions. Deposition of black carbon (BC) onto
Greenland is most sensitive to North American emissions. North America and
Europe each contribute ~40% of total BC deposition to Greenland,
with ~20% from East Asia. Elsewhere in the Arctic, both sensitivity
and total BC deposition are dominated by European emissions. Model diversity
for aerosols is especially large, resulting primarily from differences in
aerosol physical and chemical processing (including removal). Comparison of
modeled aerosol concentrations with observations indicates problems in the
models, and perhaps, interpretation of the measurements. For gas phase
pollutants such as CO and O3, which are relatively well-simulated, the
processes contributing most to uncertainties depend on the source region and
altitude examined. Uncertainties in the Arctic surface CO response to
emissions perturbations are dominated by emissions for East Asian sources,
while uncertainties in transport, emissions, and oxidation are comparable
for European and North American sources. At higher levels, model-to-model
variations in transport and oxidation are most important. Differences in
photochemistry appear to play the largest role in the intermodel variations
in Arctic ozone sensitivity, though transport also contributes substantially
in the mid-troposphere. |
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