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| Titel |
Mechanisms for European summer temperature response to solar forcing over the last millennium |
| VerfasserIn |
D. Swingedouw, L. Terray, J. Servonnat, J. Guiot |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1814-9324
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Climate of the Past ; 8, no. 5 ; Nr. 8, no. 5 (2012-10-05), S.1487-1495 |
| Datensatznummer |
250005837
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/cp-8-1487-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| A simulation of the last millennium is compared to a recent spatio-temporal
reconstruction of summer temperature over Europe. The focus is on the
response to solar forcing over the pre-industrial era. Although the
correlation between solar forcing and the reconstruction remains small, the
spatial regression over solar forcing shows statistically significant
regions. The meridional pattern of this regression is found to be similar in
the model and in the reconstruction. This pattern exhibits a large warming
over Northern and Mediterranean Europe and a lesser amplitude response over
Central and Eastern Europe. The mechanisms explaining this pattern in the
simulation are mainly related to evapotranspiration fluxes. It is shown that
the evapotranspiration is larger in summer over Central and Eastern Europe
when solar forcing increases, while it decreases over the Mediterranean
area. The explanation for the evapotranspiration increase over Central and
Eastern Europe is found in the increase of winter precipitation there,
leading to a soil moisture increase in spring. As a consequence, the
evapotranspiration is larger in summer, which leads to an increase in cloud
cover over this region, reducing the surface shortwave flux there and
leading to less warming. Over the Mediterranean area, the surface shortwave
flux increases with solar forcing, the soil becomes dryer and the
evapotranspiration is reduced in summer leading to a larger increase in
temperature. This effect appears to be overestimated in the model as
compared to the reconstruction. Finally, the warming of Northern Europe is
related to the albedo feedback due to sea-ice cover retreat with increasing
solar forcing. |
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