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| Titel |
Fire dynamics during the 20th century simulated by the Community Land Model |
| VerfasserIn |
S. Kloster, N. M. Mahowald, J. T. Randerson, P. E. Thornton, F. M. Hoffman, S. Levis, P. J. Lawrence, J. J. Feddema, K. W. Oleson, D. M. Lawrence |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 7, no. 6 ; Nr. 7, no. 6 (2010-06-11), S.1877-1902 |
| Datensatznummer |
250004843
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-7-1877-2010.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Fire is an integral Earth System process that interacts with climate
in multiple ways. Here we assessed the parametrization of fires in the
Community Land Model (CLM-CN) and improved the ability of the model to
reproduce contemporary global patterns of burned areas and fire
emissions. In addition to wildfires we extended CLM-CN to account for
fires related to deforestation. We compared contemporary fire carbon
emissions predicted by the model to satellite-based estimates in terms
of magnitude and spatial extent as well as interannual and seasonal
variability. Long-term trends during the 20th century were compared
with historical estimates. Overall we found the best agreement between
simulation and observations for the fire parametrization based on the
work by Arora and Boer (2005). We obtained substantial improvement when we
explicitly considered human caused ignition and fire suppression as
a function of population density. Simulated fire carbon emissions
ranged between 2.0 and 2.4 Pg C/year for the period
1997–2004. Regionally the simulations had a low bias over Africa and
a high bias over South America when compared to satellite-based
products. The net terrestrial carbon source due to land use change for
the 1990s was 1.2 Pg C/year with 11% stemming from deforestation
fires. During 2000–2004 this flux decreased to 0.85 Pg C/year with
a similar relative contribution from deforestation fires. Between 1900
and 1960 we predicted a slight downward trend in global fire
emissions caused by reduced fuels as a consequence of
wood harvesting and also by increases in fire suppression. The model
predicted an upward trend during the last three decades of the 20th
century as a result of climate variations and large burning events
associated with ENSO-induced drought conditions. |
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