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| Titel |
Natural and human-induced hypoxia and consequences for coastal areas: synthesis and future development |
| VerfasserIn |
J. Zhang, D. Gilbert, A. J. Gooday, L. Levin, S. W. A. Naqvi, J. J. Middelburg, M. Scranton, W. Ekau, A. Peña, B. Dewitte, T. Oguz, P. M. S. Monteiro, E. Urban, N. N. Rabalais, V. Ittekkot, W. M. Kemp, O. Ulloa, R. Elmgren, E. Escobar-Briones, A. K. Plas |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 7, no. 5 ; Nr. 7, no. 5 (2010-05-10), S.1443-1467 |
| Datensatznummer |
250004764
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-7-1443-2010.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Hypoxia has become a world-wide phenomenon in the global coastal ocean and
causes a deterioration of the structure and function of ecosystems. Based on
the collective contributions of members of SCOR Working Group #128, the
present study provides an overview of the major aspects of coastal hypoxia
in different biogeochemical provinces, including estuaries, coastal waters,
upwelling areas, fjords and semi-enclosed basins, with various external
forcings, ecosystem responses, feedbacks and potential impact on the
sustainability of the fishery and economics. The obvious external forcings
include freshwater runoff and other factors contributing to stratification,
organic matter and nutrient loadings, as well as exchange between coastal
and open ocean water masses. Their different interactions set up mechanisms
that drive the system towards hypoxia. Coastal systems also vary in their
relative susceptibility to hypoxia depending on their physical and
geographic settings. It is understood that coastal hypoxia has a profound
impact on the sustainability of ecosystems, which can be seen, for example,
by the change in the food-web structure and system function; other
influences include compression and loss of habitat, as well as changes in
organism life cycles and reproduction. In most cases, the ecosystem responds
to the low dissolved oxygen in non-linear ways with pronounced feedbacks to
other compartments of the Earth System, including those that affect human
society. Our knowledge and previous experiences illustrate that there is a
need to develop new observational tools and models to support integrated
research of biogeochemical dynamics and ecosystem behavior that will improve
confidence in remediation management strategies for coastal hypoxia. |
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