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| Titel |
Numerical modelling of thermodynamics and dynamics of sea ice in the Baltic Sea |
| VerfasserIn |
A. Herman, J. Jedrasik, M. Kowalewski |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1812-0784
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Ocean Science ; 7, no. 2 ; Nr. 7, no. 2 (2011-04-18), S.257-276 |
| Datensatznummer |
250004539
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/os-7-257-2011.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| In this paper, a numerical dynamic-thermo-dynamic sea-ice model for the
Baltic Sea is used to analyze the variability of ice conditions in
three winter seasons. The modelling results are validated with station
(water temperature) and satellite data (ice concentration) as well as
by qualitative comparisons with the Swedish Meteorological and
Hydrological Institute ice charts. Analysis of the results addresses
two major questions. One concerns effects of meteorological forcing on
the spatio-temporal distribution of ice concentration in the
Baltic. Patterns of correlations between air temperature, wind speed,
and ice-covered area are demonstrated to be different in larger, more
open sub-basins (e.g., the Bothnian Sea) than in the smaller ones
(e.g., the Bothnian Bay). Whereas the correlations with the air
temperature are positive in both cases, the influence of wind is
pronounced only in large basins, leading to increase/decrease of areas
with small/large ice concentrations, respectively. The other question
concerns the role of ice dynamics in the evolution of the ice
cover. By means of simulations with the dynamic model turned on and
off, the ice dynamics is shown to play a crucial role in interactions
between the ice and the upper layers of the water column, especially
during periods with highly varying wind speeds and directions. In
particular, due to the fragmentation of the ice cover and the modified
surface fluxes, the ice dynamics influences the rate of change of the
total ice volume, in some cases by as much as 1 km3 per day. As
opposed to most other numerical studies on the sea-ice in the Baltic
Sea, this work concentrates on the short-term variability of the ice
cover and its response to the synoptic-scale forcing. |
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