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| Titel |
Response of sulphur dynamics in European catchments to decreasing sulphate deposition |
| VerfasserIn |
A. Prechtel, C. Alewell, M. Armbruster, J. Bittersohl, J. M. Cullen, C. D. Evans, R. Helliwell, J. Kopáček, A. Marchetto, E. Matzner, H. Meesenburg, F. Moldan, K. Moritz, J. Vesely, R. F. Wright |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 5, no. 3 ; Nr. 5, no. 3, S.311-326 |
| Datensatznummer |
250002556
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-5-311-2001.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Following the decline in sulphur deposition
in Europe, sulphate dynamics of catchments and the reversibility of
anthropogenic acidification of soils and freshwaters
became of major interest. Long-term trends in sulphate concentrations and fluxes
in precipitation/throughfall and freshwaters of 20
European catchments were analysed to evaluate catchment response to decreasing
sulphate deposition. Sulphate deposition in the catchments
studied declined by 38-82% during the last decade. Sulphate concentrations in
all freshwaters decreased significantly, but acidification
reversal was clearly delayed in the German streams. In Scandinavian streams and
Czech/Slovakian lakes sulphate concentrations responded
quickly to decreased input. Sulphate fluxes in run-off showed no clear trend in
Germany and Italy but decreased in Scandinavia, the Czech
Republic and Slovakia. The decrease, however, was less than the decline in input
fluxes. While long-term sulphate output fluxes from
catchments were generally correlated to input fluxes, most catchments started a
net release of sulphate during the early 1990s. Release of
stored sulphate leads to a delay of acidification reversal and can be caused by
four major processes. Desorption and excess mineralisation were
regarded as the most important for the catchments investigated, while oxidation
and weathering were of lesser importance for the long-term release
of sulphate. Input from weathering has to be considered for the Italian
catchments. Sulphate fluxes in German catchments, with deeply
weathered soils and high soil storage capacity, responded more slowly to
decreased deposition than catchments in Scandinavia and the Czech
Republic/Slovakia, which have thin soils and relatively small sulphate storage.
For predictions of acidification reversal, soil characteristics,
sulphur pools and their dynamics have to be evaluated in future research.
Keywords: acidification reversal,
sulphur, sulphate release, Europe, catchments, deposition, lake, stream |
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