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| Titel |
A review of biomass burning emissions part III: intensive optical properties of biomass burning particles |
| VerfasserIn |
J. S. Reid, T. F. Eck, S. A. Christopher, R. Koppmann, O. Dubovik, D. P. Eleuterio, B. N. Holben, E. A. Reid, J. Zhang |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 5, no. 3 ; Nr. 5, no. 3 (2005-03-14), S.827-849 |
| Datensatznummer |
250002509
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-5-827-2005.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Because of its wide coverage over much of the globe, biomass burning has
been widely studied in the context of direct radiative forcing. Such study
is warranted as smoke particles scatter and at times absorb solar radiation
efficiently. Further, as much of what is known about smoke transport and
impacts is based on remote sensing measurements, the optical properties of
smoke particles have far reaching effects into numerous aspects of biomass
burning studies. Global estimates of direct forcing have been widely
varying, ranging from near zero to −1 W m-2. A significant part of this
difference can be traced to varying assumptions on the optical properties of
smoke. This manuscript is the third part of four examining biomass-burning
emissions. Here we review and discuss the literature concerning measurement
and modeling of optical properties of biomass-burning particles. These
include available data from published sensitivity studies, field campaigns,
and inversions from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) of Sun photometer
sites. As a whole, optical properties reported in the literature are varied,
reflecting both the dynamic nature of fires, variations in smoke aging
processes and differences in measurement technique. We find that forward
modeling or ''internal closure'' studies ultimately are of little help in
resolving outstanding measurement issues due to the high degree of
degeneracy in solutions when using ''reasonable'' input parameters. This is
particularly notable with respect to index of refraction and the treatment
of black carbon. Consequently, previous claims of column closure may in fact
be more ambiguous. Differences between in situ and retrieved ωo
values have implications for estimates of mass scattering and mass
absorption efficiencies. In this manuscript we review and discuss this
community dataset. Strengths and lapses are pointed out, future research
topics are prioritized, and best estimates and uncertainties of key smoke
particle parameters are provided. |
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