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| Titel |
Simulations over South Asia using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem): set-up and meteorological evaluation |
| VerfasserIn |
R. Kumar, M. Naja, G. G. Pfister, M. C. Barth, G. P. Brasseur |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1991-959X
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Geoscientific Model Development ; 5, no. 2 ; Nr. 5, no. 2 (2012-03-20), S.321-343 |
| Datensatznummer |
250002445
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/gmd-5-321-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The configuration and evaluation of the meteorology is presented for
simulations over the South Asian region using the Weather Research and
Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). Temperature, water
vapor, dew point temperature, zonal and meridional wind components,
precipitation and tropopause pressure are evaluated against radiosonde and
satellite-borne (AIRS and TRMM) observations along with NCEP/NCAR reanalysis
fields for the year 2008. Chemical fields, with focus on tropospheric ozone,
are evaluated in a companion paper. The spatial and temporal variability in
meteorological variables is well simulated by the model with temperature,
dew point temperature and precipitation showing higher values during
summer/monsoon and lower during winter. The index of agreement for all the
parameters is estimated to be greater than 0.6 indicating that WRF-Chem is
capable of simulating the variations around the observed mean. The mean bias
(MB) and root mean square error (RMSE) in modeled temperature, water vapor
and wind components show an increasing tendency with altitude. MB and RMSE
values are within ±2 K and 1–4 K for temperature, 30% and 20–65%
for water vapor and 1.6 m s−1 and 5.1 m s−1 for wind components. The
spatio-temporal variability of precipitation is also reproduced reasonably
well by the model but the model overestimates precipitation in summer and
underestimates precipitation during other seasons. Such a behavior of
modeled precipitation is in agreement with previous studies on South Asian
monsoon. The comparison with radiosonde observations indicates a relatively
better model performance for inland sites as compared to coastal and island
sites. The MB and RMSE in tropopause pressure are estimated to be less than
25 hPa. Sensitivity simulations show that biases in meteorological
simulations can introduce errors of ±(10–25%) in simulations of
tropospheric ozone, CO and NOx. Nevertheless, a comparison of
statistical metrics with benchmarks indicates that the model simulated
meteorology is of sufficient quality for use in chemistry simulations. |
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