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| Titel |
Volcano impacts on climate and biogeochemistry in a coupled carbon–climate model |
| VerfasserIn |
D. Rothenberg, N. Mahowald, K. Lindsay, S. C. Doney, J. K. Moore, P. Thornton |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
2190-4979
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Earth System Dynamics ; 3, no. 2 ; Nr. 3, no. 2 (2012-10-19), S.121-136 |
| Datensatznummer |
250001004
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/esd-3-121-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Volcanic eruptions induce a dynamical response in the climate system
characterized by short-term global reductions in both surface temperature
and precipitation, as well as a response in biogeochemistry. The available
observations of these responses to volcanic eruptions, such as to Pinatubo,
provide a valuable method to compare against model simulations. Here, the
Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3) reproduces the physical
climate response to volcanic eruptions in a realistic way, as compared to
direct observations from the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo. The model's
biogeochemical response to eruptions is smaller in magnitude than observed,
but because of the lack of observations, it is not clear why or where the
modeled carbon response is not strong enough. Comparison to other models
suggests that this model response is much weaker over tropical land;
however, the precipitation response in other models is not accurate,
suggesting that other models could be getting the right response for the
wrong reason. The underestimated carbon response in the model compared to
observations could also be due to the ash and lava input of biogeochemically
important species to the ocean, which are not included in the simulation. A
statistically significant reduction in the simulated carbon dioxide growth
rate is seen at the 90% level in the average of 12 large eruptions over the
period 1870–2000, and the net uptake of carbon is primarily concentrated in
the tropics, with large spatial variability. In addition, a method for
computing the volcanic response in model output without using a control
ensemble is tested against a traditional methodology using two separate
ensembles of runs; the method is found to produce similar results in the
global average. These results suggest that not only is simulating volcanoes a
good test of coupled carbon–climate models, but also that this test can be
performed without a control simulation in cases where it is not practical to
run separate ensembles with and without volcanic eruptions. |
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