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| Titel |
Modelling of the photooxidation of toluene: conceptual ideas for validating detailed mechanisms |
| VerfasserIn |
V. Wagner, M. E. Jenkin, S. M. Saunders, J. Stanton, K. Wirtz, M. J. Pilling |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 3, no. 1 ; Nr. 3, no. 1 (2003-02-03), S.89-106 |
| Datensatznummer |
250000712
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-3-89-2003.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Toluene photooxidation is chosen as an example to examine how simulations of
smog-chamber experiments can be used to unravel shortcomings in detailed mechanisms and to provide information on complex
reaction systems that will be crucial for the design of future validation experiments. The mechanism
used in this study is extracted from the Master Chemical Mechanism Version
3 (MCM v3) and has been updated with new modules for cresol and g-dicarbonyl chemistry. Model simulations are carried out for a
toluene-NOx experiment undertaken at the European Photoreactor
(EUPHORE). The comparison of the simulation with the experimental data reveals two fundamental shortcomings in the mechanism: OH production is too
low by about 80%, and the ozone concentration at the end of the experiment
is over-predicted by 55%. The radical budget was analysed to identify the key intermediates governing the radical transformation in the toluene system.
Ring-opening products, particularly conjugated g-dicarbonyls, were
identified as dominant radical sources in the early stages of the experiment.
The analysis of the time evolution of radical production points to a missing
OH source that peaks when the system reaches highest reactivity. First generation products are also of major importance for the ozone production in
the system. The analysis of the radical budget suggests two options to explain the concurrent under-prediction of OH and over-prediction of ozone in
the model: 1) missing oxidation processes that produce or regenerate OH without or with little NO to
NO2 conversion or 2) NO3 chemistry that sequesters reactive nitrogen oxides into stable nitrogen compounds and at the
same time produces peroxy radicals. Sensitivity analysis was employed to identify significant contributors to ozone production and it is shown how
this technique, in combination with ozone isopleth plots, can be used for the
design of validation experiments. |
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