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| Titel |
Hydrological anomalies connected to earthquakes in southern Apennines (Italy) |
| VerfasserIn |
E. Esposito, R. Pece, S. Porfido, G. Tranfaglia |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1561-8633
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ; 1, no. 3 ; Nr. 1, no. 3, S.137-144 |
| Datensatznummer |
250000180
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/nhess-1-137-2001.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The study of
hydrological variations in the watersheds of seismic areas can be useful
in order to acquire a new knowledge of the mechanisms by which earthquakes
can produce hydrological anomalies. Italy has the availability of many
long historical series both of hydrological parameters and of
seismological data, and is an ideal laboratory to verify the validity of
theoretical models proposed by various authors. In this work we analyse
the hydrological anomalies associated with some of the big earthquakes
that occurred in the last century in the southern Apennines: 1930, 1980
and 1984. For these earthquakes we analysed hydrometric and pluviometric
data looking for significant anomalies in springs, water wells and
mountain streams. The influence of rainfalls on the normal flows of
rivers, springs and wells has been ascertained. Also, the earthquake of
1805, for which a lot of hydrological perturbations have been reported, is
considered in order to point out effects imputable to this earthquake that
can be similar to the effects of the other big earthquakes. The considered
seismic events exhibit different modes of energy release, different focal
mechanisms and different propagation of effects on the invested areas.
Furthermore, even if their epicentres were not localised in contiguous
seismogenetic areas, it seems that the hydrological effects imputable to
them took place in the same areas. Such phenomena have been compared with
macroseismic fields and transformed in parameters, in order to derive
empirical relationships between the dimensions of the event and the
characteristics of the hydrological variations. The results of this work
point to a close dependence among hydrological anomalies, regional
structures and fault mechanisms, and indicate that many clear anomalies
have been forerunners of earthquakes. In 1993, the Naples Bureau of the
Hydrographic National Service started the continuous monitoring of
hydrologic parameters by a network of automatic stations and transmission
in real time; presently 7 acquifers are under control in which also pH, T
, salinity, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen are measured. We
envisage to increase the number of monitoring sites and controlled
parameters. |
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